According to foreign media reports, scientists have for the first time developed a single molecule that can effectively absorb sunlight, and the molecule can also be used as a catalyst to convert solar energy into hydrogen, and hydrogen can be used as a clean fuel substitute for fuel vehicles . This new molecule can collect energy from the entire visible light spectrum, and can use 50% more solar energy than current solar cells. This discovery can help people get rid of dependence on fossil fuels and switch to using energy that does not affect the climate.
The research team was led by Claudia Turro, director and professor of chemistry and biophysical dynamics at The Ohio State University. Turro said: "Our idea is to use solar photons to convert them into hydrogen. In short, we use energy from sunlight and store it in chemical bonds for future use." Photons are the basic particles of sunlight, Contains energy.
The researchers proved for the first time that energy can be collected from the entire visible light spectrum of sunlight (including the low-energy infrared spectrum, which is also part of the sunlight spectrum, which was difficult to collect in the spectrum before), and quickly and efficiently convert it into hydrogen . Hydrogen is a clean fuel that does not produce carbon or carbon dioxide during use.
Turro said: "The idea was realized because the system allowed the molecule to be excited, absorb photons, and store two electrons to produce hydrogen. Store two electrons in a molecule generated by two photons and synthesize Hydrogen production is unprecedented. "
To convert solar energy into automotive fuel, you first need to use a mechanism to collect energy, and then convert such energy into fuel, and conversion requires something called a "catalyst" (which can accelerate chemical reactions) to convert solar energy into hydrogen, etc. Energy used.
Most previous studies have tried to collect sunlight with higher energy wavelengths, such as ultraviolet rays, and then convert such solar energy into hydrogen. Turro said that the few studies that rely on single molecules to collect energy are also very inefficient, partly because the energy cannot be collected from the entire visible light spectrum, and the reason why it cannot be done is that the catalyst itself degrades quickly.
Turro's research team discovered how to use one molecule (a form of elemental rhodium) to make a catalyst so that less energy can be lost. The research team found a way to collect the energy of the entire visible light spectrum from infrared to ultraviolet. The system designed by the research team is more than 24 times more efficient than the single-molecule system that previously worked with ultraviolet photons.
In this study, the researchers irradiated an acidic solution containing active molecules with LED lights and found that hydrogen was produced. Turro said: "The reason this method is feasible is that the molecule is difficult to be oxidized."
Turro said that there is still much work to be done before the research team can apply the results to the real world. Rhodium is a rare metal, and the cost of manufacturing catalysts using rhodium as a raw material is relatively high. Currently, the research team is working to improve the molecule so that it can produce hydrogen for a longer period of time, and is committed to making catalysts using cheaper materials.
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