2012 auto parts industry Lianliankan

The "end of the world" did not come, and it came to an end in 2012. Looking back on this year, the auto parts industry has been stubbornly surviving in the overall downturn in the auto market, adjusting and transforming. A number of independent brand parts and components companies are still rising against the trend and have made many breakthroughs. The pace of multinational companies' layout in China has not slowed down, and the enthusiasm for actively investing in the auto parts industry in various parts of the country continues to rise. After this year, summing up this year, this special issue plans a series of year-end special articles, "Lianliankan" major events in the auto parts industry, "point to talk" on the auto parts industry, "face-to-face" combing affects the auto parts industry The focus of the person.

1. The car market is slowing down
In 2012, the overall growth rate of China's auto market continued to slow down, which seriously affected the auto parts industry. The survival of many auto parts companies in China has become more and more difficult, and the decline in sales and the shrinking of profits have become their common symbol.

Take the engine industry as an example. Statistics show that from January to November this year, the production and sales of vehicle engines were 15.99 million and 15.597 million, respectively, up 5.02% and 3.33% respectively. Among them, the cumulative production and sales of vehicle diesel engines from January to November were 3.0154 million units and 3.089 million units, down 7.73% and 10.41% respectively. From January to November, the cumulative production and sales volume of gasoline engines for vehicles was 1,129.53 million units and 12.876 million units, up 8.52% and 7.26% respectively.

According to the data of the first three quarters of a number of auto parts listed companies, the market's depression is finally reflected in its financial statements. Among the more than 60 auto parts companies surveyed by the reporters, only 10 companies achieved net profit growth year-on-year, and the rest had net profit declines or even losses. Most companies' revenues and net profit both fell. From the perspective of net profit margin, in the first three quarters of this year, only four companies with a net profit margin of more than 10%. Statistics from the same period last year showed that although the market demand fell, there were still more than 20 companies with a net profit margin of more than 10%. The decline in production and sales is the most direct response of the company to the market slump, but it is not the only action. Some experts in the industry said that the survival of spare parts enterprises is in many aspects, such as insufficient technical accumulation and lack of technical research and development; product market tightening; corporate brand awareness is not strong, market competitiveness is weak; enterprise management is not in place, talents The flow is serious; lean production has not been effectively promoted, and production costs have not risen and risen. He said that the more difficult the period, the more they must persist in practicing internal strength, focus on technology research and development, and improve product quality.

2. Independent breakthrough in research and development
Although in general, China's auto parts market is sluggish in 2012, there are still many bright spots. Many independent brand companies are seeking breakthroughs and concentrating on developing new products to cope with the future market development.

Energy saving and emission reduction is the direction of automobile development, and it also points the direction for technological innovation of auto parts enterprises. In 2012, a number of domestic independent brand parts and components companies are increasing their R&D investment and product reserves to meet increasingly stringent emission standards. Jiangsu Chaoli successfully developed the BSG light-hybrid start-stop device this year, which can save about 10% of fuel and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 12%. This represents a technological breakthrough in the hybrid power system of China's auto parts companies.

In May of this year, Weichai's self-developed heavy-duty diesel engine high-pressure common rail electronic control system ECU was successfully developed, marking the monopoly of foreign companies in this field will be broken. Weichai ECU adopts 32-bit high-performance microcontroller, and the ECU's rail pressure steady-state control accuracy is within 10 bar, which can meet the national V emission requirements. The last "fortress" of the Chinese automobile industry, the development of automatic transmission has also made a breakthrough. The 8AT independently developed by Weifang Shengrui officially blossomed this year, and the match was officially released at the Guangzhou Auto Show at the end of the year. The Shengrui 8AT is a front-mounted front-drive transmission that has reached the world's advanced level and is expected to have a production capacity of 400,000 units in 2013.

In August this year, the Fast Group successfully completed the first round trial production of the FHB320A parallel hydraulic retarder and successfully launched the first prototype. This marks a new breakthrough in the development of hydraulic retarders.

With the development of automotive electronics technology, people have also created new demands for navigation systems. The Beidou-GPS dual-mode car navigation system successfully developed by Desaixiwei, based on Beidou+GPS combined positioning technology, can receive all visible Beidou and GPS satellite signals, with higher positioning accuracy and usability. Experts predict that in the near future of car navigation, Beidou car navigation will be widely used and become a new hot spot in the domestic automotive electronics industry.

It is believed that with the pursuit of technological progress, there will be a variety of new products that meet future needs.

3. Export big increase "double reverse"

The export volume of China's auto parts continued to increase this year. Low raw material prices and labor costs are inherent advantages of China's auto parts exports. Such advantages are gradually disappearing, and the increase in international trade friction will pose no small challenge to China's auto parts exports in the future.

On September 17, 2012, the United States filed a complaint with the World Trade Organization, accusing China of subsidizing the export of parts and components. This is the eighth complaint from the United States to China in 2012 and the second complaint against China's auto-related issues. The Chinese Ministry of Commerce responded: "The US side chose to announce this news in the US auto producing area during the election process, indicating that the US complained about China's auto parts export subsidies for political considerations."

In 2012, China's auto parts were mainly exported to the United States, Japan and South Korea, and the “three strong” accounted for 41%. Obviously, the United States is the country with the highest risk of exporting Chinese auto parts. In the first three quarters, parts and exports accounted for 81% of the total import and export of automobile products, with a surplus of 19.6 billion US dollars. Among them, the international trade surplus of automobile tires reached the largest, reaching 10 billion US dollars; the international trade surplus of automobile wheels reached 3.2 billion US dollars, which led to the US "double anti-" (anti-dumping, countervailing) investigation; the international trade surplus of automobile electronics was more than 6 billion US dollars. . The impact of automobile tires and wheel exports on European and American sanctions is not great, indicating that the energy-consuming enterprises in China are very tenacious.

Statistics show that among all auto parts export enterprises, independent brands and joint ventures and wholly-owned brands each account for 50%. The export volume of joint ventures and wholly-owned brand parts (mostly high-end products) accounts for 30% of the total export volume of parts and components, and exports account for 70% of total parts and exports. The export volume of self-owned brand parts (mostly low-end products) accounts for 70% of total parts and exports, and exports account for only 30% of total parts exports.

In the first three quarters of 2012, the growth rate of auto parts exports remained at around 13%, with total exports of US$437.67 billion, up 12.79% year-on-year; engine export value was US$1.151 billion, down 12.51% year-on-year; export value of other parts and components was 42.616 billion. The US dollar grew by 13.68% year-on-year.

The Chinese government reiterated that it firmly opposes the abuse of trade remedy rules and opposes trade protectionism; on the other hand, auto parts export enterprises must also change their strategies and enhance the technological content of their products.

4. Overseas acquisitions continue to sound
In 2012, the impulse of overseas acquisitions by Chinese auto parts companies was once again spurred. The Chinese government encourages powerful companies to invest in mergers and acquisitions, integrate resources, conduct research, development, production and marketing activities around the world, and cultivate internationally renowned brands.

On February 4th, Ningbo Huaxiang Electronics Co., Ltd. announced that it had successfully acquired the assets and business of Serna Company, a subsidiary of the German Serna Group, and its subsidiary plastic interior accessories company IPG Industries. This is the first successful overseas acquisition of Ningbo Huaxiang. Ningbo Huaxiang has thus jumped to become the world's second-largest automotive interior trimmer enterprise, gaining the core technology of wooden interior parts, thus changing the competitive landscape of the wooden interior parts market.

In July, Sichuan Bochum Group invested 245 million US dollars to acquire Canada Wescast Group. The acquisition includes seven plants and a research and development center of the Wescast Group in the United States, Canada, Hungary and China. After that, Bochum Group actively explored the domestic market and accelerated the construction of domestic factories. One of the plans was to invest 2.3 billion yuan to build a research and development of turbocharger casings, turbocharger assemblies and exhaust manifolds in Mianyang. , manufacturing, sales and service bases.

On September 1, Weichai Power Co., Ltd. announced that it had invested 738 million euros to subscribe for a 25% stake in KION Group and acquired a 70% interest in Linde Hydraulics, which was divested from KION. On September 3, the signing ceremony for strategic cooperation was held in Jinan, Shandong. The acquisition has set a new direct investment record for Chinese companies in Germany, which is the largest M&A case for Chinese companies in Germany.

On September 12, China Ordnance Industry Group North Lingyun Industrial Group Co., Ltd. successfully acquired 100% equity of Germany Kaiyide Company. After the acquisition of Kaiyide, Lingyun Group used its global resource platform to go overseas, plan strategies, improve market layout, and gradually promote industrial upgrading. At the same time, Kaiyide Company has developed its market with the influence of Lingyun in China and achieved greater development. The acquisition marks that China's auto door lock manufacturing companies have internationally leading core technologies, quality products, high-end customers and mature research and development systems.

Overseas acquisitions are of great significance for Chinese auto parts companies to enter the international high-end market, participate in international competition, and promote the upgrading and leapfrog development of China's auto parts industry. Experts believe that the operation and operation after overseas mergers and acquisitions is more important.

5. The layout of multinational companies is tight
In 2012, multinational auto parts companies made a strong assault in China and continued to increase investment in China and the pace of building factories.

Count the multinational auto parts companies that have invested in China this year. In April, Novelis signed an agreement with Changzhou National High-tech Industrial Development Zone to build the first automotive aluminum sheet production facility in Huaxing. In May, Valeos Luke Motor Co., Ltd. was established in Guangzhou, mainly producing automotive switches. The product became the 22nd business base of Valeo in China. In the second half of 2012, foreign-funded parts companies were moving more quickly. Goodyear has built a new plant in Dalian to produce tires specially developed for domestic commercial vehicles; Delphi's actions are more high-profile, and its Parker Electric Systems Co., Ltd. built a factory in Chengdu in September, mainly producing automotive electronic and electrical wiring harness products, October Delphi Diesel The engine management system was laid in Yantai, and then Delphi established a Parker Electric System Co., Ltd. in Chongqing.

Seizing the Chinese auto parts market has become the main strategy for multinational auto parts companies in China this year. "Delphi's goal is to double sales in China in the next few years, and on this basis, strive to double again in 2020." Delphi Global President O'Neill previously told the media that even if the Chinese market is in the era of micro-growth, for Delphi Still means a huge opportunity. Not only Delphi, the huge potential of the development of China's auto market has led many foreign-funded parts and components companies to invest and build factories in China, and they have their own piece of cake.

According to statistics, in recent years, the number of newly approved foreign-owned auto parts enterprises in China has been much higher than that of joint ventures. Multinational auto parts companies have brought capital and technology to the development of China's auto parts industry, but the suppression of technology and market share of independent parts and components enterprises is also very obvious. In the core components such as automotive electronics and engine parts, the market share of foreign investment control is as high as 90%. Multinational companies such as Bosch, Denso and Delphi occupy an important position in the Chinese auto parts market. Many independent auto parts companies lacking R&D strength and technology have to rely on low prices and resources for market share. The pace of accelerating the deployment of foreign auto parts is precisely to see the potential of China's auto parts market development, and increase investment to seize China market share.

6. Only Japanese turtles
At the same time that almost all foreign auto parts companies have invested heavily in China, Japanese auto parts companies have not been successful this year. Last year, the Japanese earthquake struck a severe impact on the Japanese auto industry chain, and the breakdown of the parts supply chain caused automakers to fall into the embarrassing situation of downtime and production cuts. Among the affected enterprises, small and medium-sized auto parts companies suffered the most damage, which led many Japanese auto parts companies to accelerate the pace of overseas transfer.

As Sino-Japanese relations deteriorated due to the deterioration of the Diaoyu Islands incident, the negative impacts of Japanese automakers in the production and sales process in China continued to escalate, which ultimately led to the continued decline in the economic benefits of their enterprises. A number of Japanese spare parts suppliers saw a significant decline in orders in the fourth quarter. Among them, Aisin's orders from Japanese cars fell by 50% in November, and Japanese auto parts companies had to cut production or stop production. Affected by this, the pace of investment by Japanese auto parts companies in China has begun to slow down. This can be seen from the investment situation of Danyang Auto Parts Industrial Park. It is reported that some investment projects that are being negotiated in the Industrial Park have been stranded, and some enterprises that expect to invest in China are also on the sidelines. At the end of the year, the investment situation of Danyang Japan Auto Parts Industrial Park did not reach the predetermined scale. The layout of Japanese auto parts companies in China has stagnated.

At the same time, Japanese auto parts companies began to accelerate the pace of investment in Southeast Asia. As Japan's largest auto parts supplier, Denso plans to transfer some of its domestic production capacity to Thailand by 2015 as its main export base, while investing US$200 million in Indonesia to open a third auto parts factory. According to Japanese media reports, the trend of Japanese parts suppliers expanding production capacity in Southeast Asian countries means that Japanese companies are beginning to reduce their dependence on the Chinese market, thereby reducing the risks caused by the deterioration of Sino-Japanese relations. However, as one in the automotive industry said, Japanese auto and parts companies will reduce their investment in China, transfer to Southeast Asia and other places to invest and build factories, relying on imported auto parts and vehicles to support China’s huge market. Losing the existing advantage and causing incalculable losses to itself.

7. Local investment enthusiasm
The investment in the auto parts industry park is highly enthusiasm and is another feature of the auto parts industry in 2012.

At the beginning of 2012, some auto parts industrial parks were rated as national-level industrial parks and provincial-level industrial parks. Then, news of local governments' investment and construction of auto parts industrial parks continued to appear in the Internet and newspapers.

On January 6th, Chen Ping, head of Hannan District of Wuhan City, said at the working meeting that Hannan District will rely on the neighboring Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone, which is known as the “Chinese Car Capital”, to build a domestic first-class automobile and its Parts industry base. In 2012, the infrastructure investment of Hannan Industrial Park was more than 300 million yuan, and the land retreat area was over 7,000 mu. The main road frame of the “two horizontal and two vertical” parks was initially formed; 20 new investment projects with over 100 million yuan were invested and invested. 5 projects with a total investment of 5 billion yuan and 3 projects with an investment of 1 billion yuan; actively undertake the radiation of the automobile industry in Wuhan Development Zone, and newly introduce 20 enterprises above the scale of automobiles and parts; it is estimated that by 2016, the first-class automobile and zero will be built nationwide. The component manufacturing base and the output value of the demonstration park reached 30 billion yuan. On November 18th, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers awarded the Han China “China Auto Parts Manufacturing Base” plaque.

In September, Dalian Jinzhou District was rated as China's auto parts manufacturing base, and also signed a joint venture with Brilliance Special Vehicles, Northeast Auto Group Auto Parts Production, Dalian Advanced Equipment Manufacturing Park Auto Parts Industry Base Supporting Park, etc. Cooperation agreement.

At the same time that the construction of the national auto parts industrial park is booming, the construction of a number of provincial auto parts industrial parks is surging. On March 24th, Kaifeng City, Henan Province said that in order to build the largest auto parts production base in the Central Plains, 50 auto parts manufacturers have already entered. The local investment promotion bureau said that this year, the number should reach 100. Kaifeng relies on the Zhengzhou New District Automobile Industry Corridor to become the largest auto parts industry base in the Central Plains region integrating design, R&D, testing, trade and after-sales service. On May 8, Jiangsu Rugao Economic Development Zone said that it wants to build the most competitive new energy vehicle production base. Among them, there are Jiangshang District of Wuhan City and Jiangyanyang City and Huishan District, which were rated as provincial auto parts industrial bases in the same year.

It is a good thing to invest in the auto parts industry in various places. However, if there is no automobile industry foundation in the local area, the investment in the auto parts industry park will be fully introduced, and some small enterprises with low technology content, weak competitiveness and high pollution will be introduced. Not only does it not benefit the development of local industries, but it may bring unexpected damage to the local economy and ecology.

8. Improve the relationship between zero and zero
The contradiction between zero (complete vehicle companies and parts companies) is an old topic in the automotive industry. Most of China's auto parts companies have developed with local automakers, and most of them are supporting them. With the slowdown in car sales growth this year, the competition in the parts market is heating up. The incident of “oppression and exploitation” of component companies by vehicle companies has become more prominent this year, and the survival pressure of component companies has increased dramatically.

Some parts and components companies report that this year, the exploitation of component companies by auto companies is mainly reflected in two aspects.

First, the vehicle manufacturers are indifferent to the interests of suppliers, and the management of suppliers is not standardized. Among them, the product price is the focus of the contradiction between vehicle manufacturers and parts companies. Component companies believe that the pricing of automakers does not take into account the development of suppliers, and only cuts prices according to the prescribed terms every year, and transfers the share of supply to price-cutting enterprises. At the same time, some automakers require suppliers to cut prices several times a year. Anyone who asks for a discount or a physical price on the spot. A person in charge of an auto parts company said that a commercial vehicle company they supplied required to use a truck to mortgage the money. The spare parts company had no choice but to sell it in kind.

Second, excessive and disorderly claims are another problem that plagues auto parts companies. In the event of a problem with the vehicle, the domestic automaker’s consistent approach is “the unit with the right to speak to the downstream supplier”. The reason is not to be taken as a major issue, and the parts and components companies do not dare to express their opinions even if they have opinions. Vehicle manufacturers believe that auto parts enterprises are backward in technology and quality problems sometimes arise, which cannot meet the needs of the development of vehicle manufacturers, let alone in front of vehicle companies.

Coordinated development of the whole zero is of vital importance, and people in the industry have already deeply realized the harm of the zero-zero problem and the necessity of coordinated development of both parties. This year, at several industry conferences, industry experts discussed the issue of zero-zero cooperation and tried to promote a win-win situation.

Excessive attention to price has forced some companies to cut corners and malicious competition. Some auto parts companies will not make money for a long time and will turn to more profitable real estate industries. At the same time, if the parts industry cannot continue to develop technology, improve quality, lean production and reduce costs, it will not be able to cooperate with vehicle companies. Cooperation and mutual benefit can promote the coordinated development of zero.

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