All things in the world are made up of molecules. The molecules are made up of atoms. The atoms are made up of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons. Under normal conditions, the protons and electrons in one atom are equal in quantity, and the positive and negative charges are balanced. Therefore, the phenomenon of uncharged electricity is exhibited externally. However, when two objects rub against each other, electrons are separated from the orbit of the atomic nucleus by an external force, leaving the original atoms and invading other atoms B. Atoms are positively charged due to the lack of electrons, which are called cations and atoms B because they increase the number of electrons. The phenomenon of negative charge, called anion, is the most common phenomenon of triboelectricity.
In the process of triboelectric generation, the amount and transfer rate of electron transfer are not only related to the difference in the properties of the material, but also to the temperature and humidity in the field.
In the fall and winter season, due to the low humidity of the air, the viscous force between molecules is small and the speed of movement is accelerated, and static electricity is easily generated. Not only does the flowing air generate static electricity, but people walking on the floor, rotating swivel chairs, switching drawers, taking paper pens, moving the mouse, and other actions can also generate static electricity, causing these objects and the human body to carry electrostatic charges. In addition to triboelectricity, there are electrostatic causes such as induction of electrical generation and capacitive generation in electrical equipment. Devices, circuits, and metal and non-metallic structures can generate static electricity in the above two ways even if they do not contact. Electrostatic induction between objects can occur even if they are separated by a certain distance. The CRT monitor screen acts as a sensor and induces static electricity on the body. Because of the parasitic capacitance between the two parallel wires, they also transfer charge between them.
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