Scientific Fertilization and Management of Capsicum I. The amount of fertilizer absorbed during the whole growth period of pepper and the ratio of fertilizer required at each growth stage 1. The amount of pepper in the whole growth period of pepper is the type of vegetable with more fertilizer, and about 1000 kg of fresh pepper is needed. 5.19 kg of nitrogen, 1.07 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 6.46 kg of potassium oxide. If the plan is to use 6,000 kilograms of fresh pepper per acre, taking into account the seasonal utilization rate on the dry land of nitrogen fertilizer (the utilization factor is generally 1.3-1.5), the pure nitrogen per acre is 20.4-23 kg, five 3.2 kg of phosphorus oxide and 20 kg of potassium oxide.
2. The proportion of fertilizer required for each stage of growth of pepper.
The amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by pepper in different growth stages is also different.
First, from emergence to bud, because the plants are few leaves small, the dry matter accumulation is slow, so the nutrients needed are less, accounting for 5% of the total absorption; the second is the growth from the bud to the initial flowering, nutrition The body is rapidly expanding, the accumulation of dry matter is gradually increasing, and the absorption of nutrients is increased, accounting for about 11% of the total amount of absorption; the third is that from the initial flower to the flowering, the result is a period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of pepper, and also absorption of nutrients and The most nitrogenous period accounts for about 34% of the total absorption; the fourth is the flowering to maturity period, and the vegetative growth of the plant is weak. At this time, the phosphorus and potassium are the most needed, accounting for about 50% of the total absorption; After harvesting the mature fruit, in order to promote the growth and development of the branches and leaves in time, a larger amount of nitrogen fertilizer is needed.
Second, pepper root characteristics and protection measures 1, pepper root characteristics.
First, the root distribution of pepper is shallow. The transplanted peppers are cut off from the main roots, and the depth is generally 25-30 cm. The roots are mainly distributed in the 5-20 cm soil layer.
Second, the root system of pepper is weakly developed, the amount of root is small, and the adventitious root is not easy to occur at the base of the stem.
Third, the roots of peppers are not drought-tolerant, and they are afraid of cockroaches.
2. Protection measures for pepper roots.
When cultivating, it is advisable to choose fertile soil with good aeration. It is best to use root-protecting seedlings (such as paper tube, plastic raising seedlings, etc.) The seedling age of the planting should not be too large. The seedlings should be used before planting to promote the white seedlings. The occurrence of new roots and soil planting. Paying attention to protecting roots during seedling and transplanting is one of the important links in early ripening and high yield cultivation of pepper.
Third, the requirements of pepper on the soil.
Capsicum has higher requirements on soil conditions, and the clay soil retains water and fertilizer retention ability, but the drainage and permeability are poor. After the pepper is planted, the ground temperature rises slowly, the seedlings are delayed, but there is stamina; the sandy soil has good drainage and permeability, after planting The ground temperature is increased fast, and the hair is early, but the ability to protect the hair is poor, and the early stage is easy to prematurely decay; the sandy loam has better fertilizer, water retention and permeability, and is most suitable for pepper growth. The pH of the soil is preferably pH 6.2-7.2.
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