With the increase of crop yields, the expansion of economic crops and the relative reduction of organic fertilizer application, the soil and crops lacking medium and trace elements are increasing. Therefore, many farmers and fertilizer marketers ask how to know the crops. Is it lacking? What should I do if I am missing? For your convenience, please answer in the form of questions and answers and forms.
Q: What methods can be used to remedy crop defects?
A: It is not necessary to apply medium and trace element fertilizers to each plot and every crop. If you need to apply these nutrients, you can use soil fertilization, foliar application, soaking, seed dressing, rooting and other methods. In the fertilization method, when the micro-fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, it should be applied after mixing with the appropriate amount of decomposed organic fertilizer or moist dry soil; when it is used as the foliar fertilizer, it should avoid the hot sun and rainy days, generally after 4 pm. . Do not mix with alkaline pesticides or fertilizers. The amount of foliar fertilizer solution is about 50 kg per mu, generally not more than 75 kg, and the spray is applied to the front and back of the leaves.
Q: Blind overdose of micro-fertilizers can endanger environmental safety. It is too late to find symptoms of deficiency and it is difficult for individual farmers or farms to conduct test and diagnosis of deficiency. What should I do?
A: The more feasible discriminating method is: all the fields that are continuously high-yield and do not apply organic fertilizer for a long time, the slopes that have been washed by rain for a long time, the calcareous soil and the saline-alkali land may be deficient, the southern red soil, the northwest dryland and the economy. Crop soil deficiency is more likely. For field crops, focus on crops that are sensitive to a certain medium or micronutrient deficiency, such as corn, rice, zinc deficiency, rapeseed, cotton, boron deficiency, legumes are prone to iron deficiency, lack of molybdenum, peanuts are prone to iron deficiency, Calcium deficiency and so on. Another method is to carry out a small area of ​​micro-fertilizer application and no comparison test, after the application is effective as a deficiency, otherwise it is not lacking.
Q: What is the application amount of medium and micro fertilizer for various crops?
Answer: The application amount of medium-quantity fertilizer is roughly the same as that of NPK fertilizer, and even more, and the application of trace element fertilizer is less. For example, the application amount of most field crops is only 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate. Borax is only 0.5 to 1 kg. Economic crops such as fruit trees and vegetables are higher, generally not more than 3 to 5 kg per mu. Therefore, before the sowing or transplanting, the micro-fertilizer is mixed with the moist dry soil or the decomposed organic fertilizer, and then mixed with the base fertilizer or applied. Most micro-fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers will form insoluble substances and reduce the fertilizer efficiency, so do not mix them together. The soil application rates of some common crops and trace element fertilizers can be found in Tables 1 and 2, and the conditions for rational application are noted.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)
Q: What methods can be used to remedy crop defects?
A: It is not necessary to apply medium and trace element fertilizers to each plot and every crop. If you need to apply these nutrients, you can use soil fertilization, foliar application, soaking, seed dressing, rooting and other methods. In the fertilization method, when the micro-fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer, it should be applied after mixing with the appropriate amount of decomposed organic fertilizer or moist dry soil; when it is used as the foliar fertilizer, it should avoid the hot sun and rainy days, generally after 4 pm. . Do not mix with alkaline pesticides or fertilizers. The amount of foliar fertilizer solution is about 50 kg per mu, generally not more than 75 kg, and the spray is applied to the front and back of the leaves.
Q: Blind overdose of micro-fertilizers can endanger environmental safety. It is too late to find symptoms of deficiency and it is difficult for individual farmers or farms to conduct test and diagnosis of deficiency. What should I do?
A: The more feasible discriminating method is: all the fields that are continuously high-yield and do not apply organic fertilizer for a long time, the slopes that have been washed by rain for a long time, the calcareous soil and the saline-alkali land may be deficient, the southern red soil, the northwest dryland and the economy. Crop soil deficiency is more likely. For field crops, focus on crops that are sensitive to a certain medium or micronutrient deficiency, such as corn, rice, zinc deficiency, rapeseed, cotton, boron deficiency, legumes are prone to iron deficiency, lack of molybdenum, peanuts are prone to iron deficiency, Calcium deficiency and so on. Another method is to carry out a small area of ​​micro-fertilizer application and no comparison test, after the application is effective as a deficiency, otherwise it is not lacking.
Q: What is the application amount of medium and micro fertilizer for various crops?
Answer: The application amount of medium-quantity fertilizer is roughly the same as that of NPK fertilizer, and even more, and the application of trace element fertilizer is less. For example, the application amount of most field crops is only 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate. Borax is only 0.5 to 1 kg. Economic crops such as fruit trees and vegetables are higher, generally not more than 3 to 5 kg per mu. Therefore, before the sowing or transplanting, the micro-fertilizer is mixed with the moist dry soil or the decomposed organic fertilizer, and then mixed with the base fertilizer or applied. Most micro-fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers will form insoluble substances and reduce the fertilizer efficiency, so do not mix them together. The soil application rates of some common crops and trace element fertilizers can be found in Tables 1 and 2, and the conditions for rational application are noted.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)
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