Different types of agricultural drugs, different types, different control objects, and different methods of application. Commonly used methods of application include dusting, spraying, fumigation, bait, granulation, seed treatment, soil treatment, and film application. In tobacco production, the commonly used application methods are mainly spray method, poison bait method, granulation method, fumigation method, soil treatment method, seed coating treatment method, smearing method and cupping method.
Spray method is suitable for emulsifiable concentrates, milk powders, suspensions, wettable powders, liquids and soluble powders. The pesticide preparation is added to a certain amount of water and mixed to prepare a uniform emulsion, a solution, a suspension, etc., and the spray solution is used to form a fine mist droplet. The greater the density of the droplets, the better the spreadability and adhesion of the emulsifiable concentrates, milk powders, suspensions, wettable powders, water-based agents and soluble powders than the powders, which are not easily leached by the rainwater, and have a long-lasting effect. Tobacco, pests and diseases are exposed to large doses and opportunities, and the control effect will be better.
The bait method is made by mixing the bait and the pesticides that the pests like to eat, and attracting them to feed, so as to achieve the purpose of poisoning. Wheat bran, rice bran, corn chips, bean cake, sawdust, grass, leaves and fresh vegetables can be used as bait for baits. It is mainly used to control underground pests such as small tigers, cockroaches, and golden worms.
The granulation method is a method of applying a granular pesticide, such as granules "sterilization" for controlling tobacco black shank. The granules are coarse and coarse, and are little affected by the airflow when applied. They are easy to land and basically do not drift. They are especially suitable for application on the ground, small fields and soil. There are a variety of methods that can be applied, such as unarmed throwing (low toxic agents), manpowered granulators, maneuvering granulators, soil granulators, etc.
The fumigation method is a method for controlling tobacco pests and diseases under closed conditions by using a medicament to generate a toxic gas. For example, fumigation of tobacco seedbeds with methyl bromide.
The soil treatment method is to spread the soil on the surface of the soil, and then plow the soil into the soil, or use a medicament to ditch or pour the roots of the tobacco plant to kill or inhibit the pests and diseases in the soil. For the production of tobacco, Tang Shi (point application) is used. For example, when the nematicide is applied, the medicine is first applied to the tobacco pond before transplanting, and the pond is mixed well to mix the medicament with the pond soil.
The seed treatment has methods such as seed dressing, dipping, soaking seeds, and stuffing. The seed dressing method uses a quantitative agent and a quantitative seed , and is installed in the seed dresser, stirs and mixes, so that each seed can be evenly coated with a layer of powder, and the medicament can gradually exert the defense bacteria after sowing. Or the effectiveness of pests. Widely used on tobacco is the seed coating treatment. The tobacco seeds are covered with a coat of insecticide or bactericide to protect the seeds and subsequent growth and development from pests and diseases. At present, China Agricultural University and Jiangsu Wuxian Pesticide Factory have tried to prepare carbendazim seed coating agents.
Smear is often used when applying tobacco bud inhibitors. The smear method is to apply the liquid directly to the site to be applied with a brush or other tools to prevent the medicinal solution from flowing to other parts of the plant to cause phytotoxicity or other harmful effects. The smear method has a low dosage and an accurate application site, and can be used for cost-effectively, but it is relatively labor-intensive and time-consuming. For example, when applying a tobacco bud inhibiting agent, apply the medicinal solution with a writing brush and apply it directly to the axillary bud.
The cupping method is also a method of application which is applied more on the application of tobacco bud inhibiting agents. For example, when the tobacco plant is topped and the germination inhibitor is applied, the liquid is dripped from the top of the tobacco plant along the tobacco rod with a container such as a cup or a bottle, so that the liquid reaches each axillary bud to achieve the effect of suppressing buds. The cupping method is more medicinal than the smear method, but it saves time and labor.
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